Table 2.  Grand means, minima and maxima of the GCA values per trait, obtained in Experiment 3, along with the data patterns of the parents per main origin of the dura lines from Experiment 1 (Dami; Chemara; Harrisons & Crosfield (H&C); and MARDI), and per origin of all 50 pisifera palms (AVROS; Yangambi; La Me; Dami composite; Ekona; Ghana; and Nigeria). Per pisifera origin, GCA values are presented of the palm with the highest value for oil yield (Elite).

Parental sources Bunch yield (kg/palm/year) Mesocarp /fruit (%) Oil /mesocarp (%) Oil /bunch (%) Oil yield (kg/palm/year) Bunch index Height (cm) Leaf area (m²) Leaf area /leaf weight ratio Crown disease (%)
Dura parents
Mean (n=225) 104 79.4 50.7 26.6 27.8 0.510 141 4.80 2.60 377
Minimum 83 73.6 43.6 21.0 22.1 0.454 111 4.11 2.30 339
Maximum 122 85.1 55.0 29.5 33.2 0.571 179 5.61 2.89 421
CV (%)* 12 4.1 7.2 7.3 12.1 5.4 13 5.21 4.96 14
Pisifera parents
Mean (n=50) 105 79.4 50.7 26.6 27.8 0.510 141 4.80 2.60 377
Minimum 94 71.1 47.7 24.8 24.4 0.454 108 3.99 2.39 344
Maximum 119 83.8 54.0 28.0 31.5 0.552 173 5.40 2.84 423
CV (%) 9 5.2 6.1 8.0 9.1 6.2 15 4.35 8.10 13
AVROS (n=15) 99 81.5 49.1 26.4 26.0 0.484 152 4.94 2.57 381
Elite (BSM 13) 103 80.9 49.8 27.2 27.9 0.503 164 4.73 2.66 368
CV (%) 12 4.3 6.7 5.4 8.9 5.9 17 3.92 8.31 15
HC (n=6) 100 81.0 49.3 26.3 26.2 0.495 153 4.74 2.58 373
CV (%) 10 5.4 3.9 5.5 8.9 4.300 11 5.61 6.78 13
C9212 (n=9) 98 81.8 49.0 26.4 25.9 0.477 151 5.07 2.57 385
CV (%) 14 4.2 4.8 4.9 9.6 3.9 10 4.18 6.44 16
Yangambi (n=4) 108 75.8 53.3 27.3 29.5 0.517 145 4.70 2.57 380
Elite (BSM 28) 113 71.1 54.0 27.0 30.6 0.506 139 4.76 2.42 373
CV (%) 12 3.6 6.7 6.5 7.8 4.9 14 4.57 6.71 12
La Mé (n=1) 97 76.4 50.5 25.5 24.7 0.519 131 4.79 2.79 390
Dami comp. (n=5) 105 79.7 49.6 26.2 27.4 0.521 124 4.35 2.48 358
Elite (BSM 18) 107 79.4 49.4 26.9 28.8 0.511 125 4.65 2.44 364
CV (%) 11 3.2 5.8 5.1 8.8 3.5 14 4.71 6.27 12
Ekona (n=10) 108 77.9 51.6 26.1 28.1 0.522 130 4.80 2.63 382
Elite (BSM 10) 111 78.4 53.2 27.5 30.5 0.525 142 4.66 2.54 378
CV (%) 14 4.5 5.6 6.2 8.3 5.3 13 5.47 6.81 14
Ghana (n=9) 106 78.8 51.0 27.2 28.8 0.515 147 4.67 2.54 375
Elite (BSM 20) 112 81.6 50.2 27.6 30.9 0.521 173 4.97 2.64 383
CV (%) 13 3.9 6.0 7.2 7.4 4.9 12 6.32 6.71 16
Nigeria (n=6) 113 80.0 51.6 26.9 30.3 0.532 136 5.08 2.76 379
Elite (BSM 33) 113 79.7 53.6 27.8 31.5 0.547 114 4.79 2.78 368
CV (%) 10 4.2 6.0 6.2 7.7 5.2 10 4.70 6.11 11

 * CV  = Coeficient of variation
** s.d. = Standard deviation